Fewer governments around the world have pledged new aid to Ukraine this year, though multiple countries have reaffirmed their unwavering commitment to supporting the war-torn nation in its fight against Russia's aggression. 

Among those offering additional military, humanitarian, and direct financial aid in 2023 are Nordic countries such as Norway and Sweden, not to mention Japan. Meanwhile several donors – notably the UK, Netherlands, and Norway – are following America's lead and extending their pledges over longer periods, making it a whole lot easier for the Ukrainian authorities to budget effectively going forward.

Read on as we rank the nations that have donated the greatest shares of their GDPs to Ukraine between 24 January 2022 and 24 February this year – the first anniversary of Russia's invasion – using the Kiel Institute for the World Economy's Ukraine Support Tracker. All dollar amounts in US dollars. 

When it comes to bilateral aid, Malta has contributed $1.9 million (£1.5m) in total, as confirmed by the country's Foreign Minister Ian Borg. That contribution represents a measly 0.015% of the compact island nation's GDP.

The support is purely humanitarian and has chiefly focused on medical equipment and medicines. The Mediterranean country has however devoted a further 0.21% of its GDP towards EU aid, bringing its total contribution to 0.225% of its GDP. That puts the compact island nation in a measly 30th place in our ranking. 

Canada has provided Ukraine with $4.15 billion (£3.33bn) in bilateral aid, ranking it sixth out of the 40 nations covered by the tracker for monetary contribution, though it's ranked fourth for direct financial support. The Canadian government has also been deep pocketed with its humanitarian and military assistance. 

Plus, on 24 February, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced that Canada would be sending Ukraine four Leopard battle tanks, as well as additional ammo, spare parts, and training personnel. That said, perhaps the best way to gauge Canada's sacrifice is to calculate its aid as a percentage of GDP – and that sees the country placed much lower down the rankings. 

Cyprus' bilateral aid to Ukraine, which solely consists of humanitarian assistance, stands at $3.3 million (£2.6m). This represents 0.013% of the country's GDP.

The island-nation's outlay may seem stingy but it's in fact the most Cyprus has devoted to humanitarian aid for a single country in its entire history. And Cyprus' contribution to the collective European Union (EU) support pot is greater at 0.24% of its GDP.

Romania's bilateral aid to Ukraine has amounted to just 12 million (£9.7m), which is a scant 0.005% of its GDP.

The Central European nation has however set aside 0.25% of its GDP for the EU aid pot. In any case, the country has been supporting Ukraine in other ways, from providing transit for the delivery of weapons and equipment to welcoming more than 800,000 Ukrainian refugees.

The wealthy Grand Duchy of Luxembourg has provided Ukraine with $101 million (£81m) in bilateral aid, but that's 0.135% of its GDP.

The bulk of the package is made up of military support, with the tiny country devoting a hefty 17% of its defence budget to helping Ukraine fend off Putin's invasion.

Luxembourg has also directed 0.16% of its GDP to the EU aid pot.

Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán (pictured here with Putin in 2019) riled his EU counterparts in December by vetoing the bloc's $20 billion (£16bn) aid package to Ukraine, though he did back down in the end.

Orbán's government has taken an unaligned stance in relation to the conflict, much to the consternation of other EU members, as well as NATO – Hungary has so far blocked Sweden's application for membership. It has barred the transit of weapons destined for Ukraine's military through the country and has only provided a total of $51 million (£41m) in bilateral humanitarian aid, which is 0.033% of its GDP.

Be that as it may, Hungary's contribution to the EU support package is a much beefier 0.28% of its GDP.

Italy ranks 11th when it comes to bilateral aid, with its contribution totalling $1.1 billion (£896m), but falls a lot shorter when the figure is considered in relation to its GDP, with an outlay of 0.058%.

More than half the country's contribution has been in the form of military support, Italy having pledged Ukraine six packages of lethal and non-lethal aid for its armed forces to date, with the most recent batch concentrating on air defence equipment. And it's worth noting that Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni paid a visit to Kyiv on 21 February to reaffirm her nation's commitment to supporting Ukraine in its fight against Russia's aggression. In terms of EU aid, Italy has put in 0.26% of its GDP.

France has pledged a total of $1.9 billion (£1.5bn) to provide Ukraine with bilateral assistance. The country is ranked ninth in terms of total expenditure, but much lower when its contribution is considered as a proportion of GDP, with the figure standing at 0.071%.

The nation's latest standout provisions include $84 million (£67.6m) to assist Ukraine with its energy needs, as well as deliveries of rocket launchers, Crotale missile batteries, and AMX-10 RC tanks. Like Italy, France's EU aid contribution is much higher in GDP percentage terms at 0.25%. 

Ukraine's most generous bilateral backer by a long shot in monetary terms, the US allocated a colossal $78 billion (£62.5bn) towards Ukraine's fight against Putin's tyranny up to 24 February.

Recent contributions include an additional $2.5 billion (£2bn) in military assistance announced by the State Department in late January, as well as an extra $500 million (£401m) of security aid pledged by President Biden during his impromptu visit to Kyiv in February.

And since 24 February, further drawdowns have been announced – most notably a new $2.6 billion (£2.1bn) military package. Nonetheless, America's contribution is far less impressive in GDP percentage terms at 0.367%.

From a GDP proportion point of view, Belgium has been more generous that the US, with its bilateral aid pledges, which total $378 million (£303m), representing 0.071%, and contribution to the EU support pot translating to 0.25% of its GDP to make a total of 0.371%.

Military support has been the biggest outlay, with Belgium supplying the Ukrainian military with air defence missiles, anti-tank weapons, firearms, and ammo.

Slovenia has provided Ukraine with bilateral aid of $67 million (£54m), which doesn't seem an awful lot, yet this represents 0.123% of its GDP, meaning the country has surpassed Belgium's giving in this respect.

It's also matched Belgium's EU aid contribution in GDP percentage terms. Therefore, Slovenia's total aid to Ukraine as a proportion of GDP comes in at 0.373%.

In recent months, Slovenia has pivoted to providing humanitarian rather than military aid, supplying ambulances, power equipment, and other non-lethal assistance.

The second most generous bilateral donor to Ukraine in monetary terms, the UK promised $10.8 billion (£8.6bn) up to 24 February, with military aid making up the lion's share of the contribution at $7.3 billion (£5.8bn). Only the US has pledged more.

The country has provided everything from defence systems and rockets to armoured vehicles and ammo, as well as bountiful humanitarian and direct financial assistance. Its contribution in terms of GDP however is much less significant, putting the UK in 19th place in our ranking.

One nation sacrificing more of its GDP for Ukraine than the UK is Greece. Greece's allocated bilateral spending on aid to Ukraine totalled $206 million (£165m), which is 0.108% of the country's GDP, with a further 0.29% of its GDP pledged to the EU support pot.

Like the UK, Greece has focused on supplying Ukraine with military aid and has provided an "unbelievable" amount of weapons and ammo according to the country's defence minister, including tanks, armoured vehicles, anti-aircraft missiles and rockets, and millions of bullets. 

Spain, on the other hand, is putting a greater emphasis on providing Ukraine with direct financial aid, though its military aid is still considerable.

All in all, the country pledged $792 million (£634m) in bilateral assistance up to 24 February, which is just 0.061% of its GDP. But Spain is the most deep-pocketed nation in GDP proportion terms when it comes to the EU aid pot. The nation is devoting 0.34% of its GDP to EU aid, a greater percentage than any other member state. 

Germany's bilateral aid to Ukraine during the period the tracker covers amounts to $8.1 billion (£6.5bn), which represents 0.206% of its GDP.

The EU's biggest economy has also pledged 0.2% of its GDP to the bloc's collective support pot.

Military aid accounts for the biggest share. While reticent at first, the country has subsequently gone all out to bolster Ukraine's defence capabilities, providing sought-after Leopard battle tanks (and giving permission for other countries to do so), armoured vehicles, missiles, ammo, and other hardware. 

Austria has been more generous in a relative sense, with its total aid commitments representing 0.451% of the country's GDP.

This figure is made up of the 0.191% of its GDP, $842 million (£678m), the nation is providing in bilateral aid and the 0.26% of its GDP that has gone into the EU's aid pot.

In keeping with its neutral status, very little of Austria's bilateral aid total has gone on military support, with the majority pledged towards humanitarian aid. In fact no other country has promised more in a GDP proportion sense for humanitarian support.

Portugal has dug deeper than its neighbour Spain in GDP terms.

Its bilateral aid total of $531 million (£426m) is 0.229% of the country's GDP, while Portugal's EU contribution represents 0.24%. The grand total works out at 0.469%, dwarfing Spain's contribution.

Portugal is also concentrating on providing direct financial support but recently stepped up its military aid commitments, agreeing to supply Ukraine's armed forces with Leopard battle tanks. 

Sweden is among the countries doubling down on aid to Ukraine, particularly direct financial and military assistance, in 2023.

In January, the Scandinavian nation, which is in the process of joining NATO but is currently being blocked by Hungary and Turkey, boosted its support commitments by 41% according to the tracker.

By 24 February, it had pledged $1.5 billion (£1.2bn), 0.28% of its GDP, in bilateral assistance and promised 0.24% to the EU aid pot.

Croatia's bilateral contribution to Ukraine's cause stands at $146 million (£117m), which is 0.25% of its GDP, while the country, which adopted the euro on 1 January, has put 0.28% into the EU's collective aid pot.

The vast majority of Croatia's bilateral aid is in the form of military support.

Unlike other nations, Croatia has preferred to remain tight-lipped about what it's sending, but Prime Minister Andrej Plenković did announce in November that 14 of the nation's military helicopters would be provided.

Likewise, Slovakia has concentrated on military assistance, with $233 million (£187m) out of its bilateral aid total of $243 million (£195m) pledged towards helping Ukraine defend itself against Russia's aggression.

The nation, which shares a border with Ukraine, has donated its only S-300 air defence system, together with attack helicopters, rockets, and ammo rounds. 

Plus the country recently agreed to send MiG-29 fighter jets. Its bilateral commitments represent 0.227% of the nation's GDP, while its contribution to the EU aid pot translates to 0.32%.

Denmark is among the Nordic nations that have upped their bilateral aid contributions big time in 2023, pledging a further 33%.

By 24 February, the country had pledged $1.1 billion (£842m), which represents 0.291% of its GDP. Denmark has also devoted 0.27% of its GDP to the collective EU aid pot.

Again, military aid takes up the biggest slice of the pie, with $878 million (£705bn) being spent aiding Ukraine's armed forces.

Unlike neighbouring Sweden, Finland has been successful in its application to join NATO, becoming part of the organisation on 4 April. The country's Foreign Minister Pekka Haavisto is shown here being applauded at the accession ceremony in Brussels. 

With Russia right on its doorstep and an ever-present threat to Finland's sovereignty, the nation's commitment to Ukraine is understandable.

Up to 24 February, the Scandinavian nation, which increased its bilateral aid contribution by a whopping 165% in 2023, pledged $982 million (£788m), 0.36% of its GDP, together with a GDP proportion contribution of 0.24% to the EU aid pot.

The Czech Republic has promised 0.412% of its GDP, which is just over a billion dollars (£822m), in bilateral assistance to Ukraine and put 0.23% of its GDP into the EU support pot.

Czechia's military support has amounted to $618 million (£496m), providing tanks, armoured vehicles, howitzers, and other hardware.

To reward the country for its military support for Ukraine, the US is compensating the Czech Republic to the tune of $200 million (£166.2m). The rest of the bilateral aid budget has been devoted to humanitarian efforts.

Bulgaria is something of a newcomer in officially supplying bilateral aid to Ukraine as the Putin-friendly Socialist party, a coalition participant in the previous administration, blocked a prior proposal last May. However, reports have confirmed the pro-NATO Prime Minister Kiril Petkov equipped Ukraine with weapons on the hush-hush during the early months of the war, with this assistance proving crucial.

Bulgaria's commitments are almost all made up of military assistance and amounted to about $262 million (£211m) up to 24 February. This is a sizeable 0.37% of its GDP. The country has also set aside 0.32% of its GDP for the EU aid pot.

Norway has massively increased its bilateral support to Ukraine in 2023 and quite rightly too, since the oil and natural-gas rich nation has profited handsomely from the war off the back of surging commodity prices.

Its commitments up to 24 February amounted to $2.6 billion (£2.1bn), which is 0.7% of the country's GDP.

That said, the Norwegian parliament approved a further $7.4 billion (£6.11bn) in February. Dubbed the Nansen Support Programme, it encompasses military and humanitarian aid, and will be administered over a period of five years.

The Netherlands ranks as the most generous Western European country in terms of the proportion of GDP being spent on bilateral aid for Ukraine.

Up to 24 February, the magnanimous nation devoted 0.465% of its GDP, which is $4.3 billion (£3.5bn), to helping Ukraine in its time of need, as well as 0.32% of its GDP to the collective EU aid pot.

Yet again, military support takes up the biggest slice of the pie, coming in at $2.6 billion (£2.1bn), with the country supplying those all-important German-made Leopard battle tanks, along with a vast amount of weapons, ammo, and equipment.

Former Soviet Bloc countries in Eastern Europe make up the top four most generous when it comes to bilateral aid for Ukraine as a percentage of GDP.

Poland, which borders Ukraine, has pledged a sizeable 0.637% of its GDP. This translates to $3.9 billion (£3.1bn).

Its bilateral military spending has been huge, but Poland's expenditure on humanitarian aid has also been considerable, and the country has welcomed 1.6 million Ukrainian refugees.

On top of its substantial bilateral aid, Poland has put 0.27% of its GDP into the EU support pot.

At the sharp end of the conflict and Russia's potential imperialist ambitions, the Baltic States are the top three most open-handed nations in terms of aid for Ukraine as a proportion of GDP.

All three are focused on arming the invaded country to the teeth. Lithuania has pledged 0.926% of its GDP, which is $531 million (£426m), in bilateral aid, with $442 million (£388m) of the total going on military assistance.

It's also assigned 0.22% of its GDP to the collective EU aid pot.

In relative terms, Estonia has been exceptionally benevolent, devoting $342 million (£274m), an enormous 1.1% of its GDP, on bilateral assistance for Ukraine, with a further 0.24% going into the EU support pot.

The Baltic nation has literally cleared out its stash of weapons, ammo, and military equipment to supply the Ukrainian armed forces, and has actually intensified its support of late.

The country has also provided extensive support to refugees fleeing the conflict.

The most generous country of them all when it comes to bilateral aid as a proportion of GDP is Latvia.

Up to the one-year anniversary of the conflict, the Baltic State pledged a staggering 1.241% of its GDP in bilateral aid, which is $424 million (£340m), and put 0.23% of its GDP into the EU aid pot.

As is the case with its two neighbouring allies, Latvia's assistance is mostly military in nature, having provided Ukraine with Stinger anti-aircraft missiles, anti-tank weapons, howitzers, helicopters, and drones. 

Now discover which countries are actually profiting from the war in Ukraine