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The most expensive government projects around the world

Mind-blowingly expensive state-driven initiatives
Ireland – new children's hospital: approximately $2.4 billion (£1.9bn)
Portugal – Lisbon–Porto high-speed rail line: $6 billion (£4.7bn) estimated
Denmark – Fehmarn Belt fixed link: $10.9 billion (£8.6bn) estimated
Austria – Brenner Base Tunnel: $11.4 billion (£9bn) estimated
Malaysia – Putrajaya: $13 billion (£10.2bn)
Singapore – Tuas Port: $14.8 billion (£11.6bn) estimated
Philippines – New Manila International Airport: $15 billion (£11.8bn) estimated
Switzerland – Gotthard Base Tunnel: $15.4 billion (£11.8bn)
Mexico – Tren Maya: up to $20 billion (£15.7bn) estimated
South Africa – Kusile and Medupi Power Station project: $24.3 billion (£19.1bn) estimated
New Zealand – 2011 Christchurch earthquake reconstruction: $24.7 billion (£19.4bn)
Canada – James Bay Project Phase I: $26.6 billion (£21bn)
Italy – Turin–Lyon high-speed railway: $27 billion (£21.2bn) estimated
Spain – Madrid Nuevo Norte: $27.4 billion (£21.5bn) estimated
Indonesia – Nusantara: $35 billion (£27.5bn) estimated
France – Grand Paris Express: $39 billion (£30.6bn) estimated
Germany – Future Combat Air System (FCAS) fighter jet: $43.4 billion (£34bn) estimated
Norway – E-39 Coastal Highway Route: up to $47 million (£36.9bn)?
Brazil – Itaipu Dam: $59.2 billion (£46.5bn)
Russia – Sochi 2014 Winter Olympic Games: $69.8 billion (£55bn)
UAE – Al Maktoum International Airport: up to $80 billion (£62.8bn)?
Australia – Melbourne Suburban Rail Loop: $81 billion (£63.6bn) estimated
Japan – Fukushima disaster clean-up: $82 billion (£64.4bn)
Sweden – Gothenburg upgrade: $108 billion (£84.8bn)
UK – HS2: $116.5 billion (£91.5bn) estimated
India – Bharatmala Pariyojana: $130 billion (£102bn) estimated
USA – Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II fighter jet: $1.7 trillion (£1.3tn)
China – Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): up to $8 trillion (£6.3tn) estimated
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Leon Neal/Getty Images

Mind-blowingly expensive state-driven initiatives

When it comes to vital infrastructure, defence, and other critical spending priorities, governments around the world have been known to dig deep – with public money clearly no object.

In fact, the expenditure for some megaprojects can be truly mind-blowing, with grand totals that comfortably stretch into hundreds of billions.

From post-disaster reconstruction efforts to high-speed rail links, read on to discover the astronomical projects that have been fully or partly funded by the state in 28 countries around the world.

All dollar values in US dollars unless otherwise stated.

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Daniel Coughlin

11 June 2024

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