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The most valuable substances on Earth

Pricey precious materials
Iranian beluga caviar: $5.50 (£4.40) per gram
Saffron: around $20 (£15.90) per gram
Platinum: $30.31 (£24.84) per gram
Palladium: $30.77 (£25.22) per gram
Ambergris: $35 (£28) per gram
Gold: $87.06 (£71.33) per gram
Caterpillar fungus: up to $110 (£88) per gram
Iridium: $140 (£115) per gram
Rhodium: $152.72 (£125) per gram
Coral snake venom: $4,000 (£3.2k) per gram
Plutonium: $4,000 (£3.2k) per gram
Taaffeite gems: $12,500 (£10k) per gram
Soliris: $22,767 (£18.2k) per gram
Tritium: $30,000 (£24k) per gram
Benitoite: $42,500 (£34k) per gram
Red Beryl: $50,000 (£40k) per gram
Serendibite: $90,000 (£72k) per gram
Grandidierite: $129,500 (£103.5k) per gram
The rarest pure diamonds: $134,750 (£107.8k) per gram
Painite: $300,000 (£240k) per gram
Red diamonds: $5 million (£4m) per gram
Californium: $27.8 million (£22.8m) per gram
Nitrogen Atom-Based Endohedral Fullerenes: $137 million (£110m) per gram
Antimatter: $62.5 trillion (£50tn) per gram
Psyche asteroid: unfathomable
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Tony Lilley/Alamy Stock Photo

Psyche asteroid: unfathomable

First discovered in 1852 and named after a Greek goddess, an asteroid known as Psyche has the power to turn every single person on the planet into a billionaire. This "irregular, potato-shaped asteroid" might not sound like much, but it contains rare elements, metals and minerals that could be worth an unimaginable $10 quintillion if they were brought back and used on Earth. 

Calculating its value per gram is impossible, but we do know that NASA launched a rocket to travel to Psyche – which has a surface area of 64,000 square miles (165,800sq km) and is sometimes referred to as 16 Psyche, because it was the 16th asteroid ever discovered – in October 2023. It's scheduled to reach Psyche by 2029.

Read more: What are critical minerals and who's winning the race to control them?

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Alice Cattley

16 January 2025

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