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How deep in debt are the world's 25 biggest economies?

Discover the major nations shockingly in the red
What is the debt-to-GDP ratio and why is it important?
Russia: 21.4% of GDP
Taiwan: 24% of GDP
Türkiye: 26.7% of GDP
Sweden: 33.7% of GDP
Saudi Arabia: 34.8% of GDP
Switzerland: 36.9% of GDP
Indonesia: 41% of GDP
Netherlands: 43.3% of GDP
Australia: 50.9% of GDP
South Korea: 54.5% of GDP
Mexico: 60.7% of GDP
Poland: 60.7% of GDP
Germany: 65.4% of GDP
Argentina: 73.1% of GDP
India: 80.4% of GDP
Brazil: 92% of GDP
China: 96.3% of GDP
Spain: 100.6% of GDP
UK: 103.9% of GDP
Belgium: 106.4% of GDP
Canada: 112.5% of GDP
France: 116.3% of GDP
USA: 122.5% of GDP
Italy: 137.3% of GDP
Japan: 234.9% of GDP
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Discover the major nations shockingly in the red

Global public debt – the total sum of money owed by governments around the world – has skyrocketed past a record $100 trillion (£74.4trn). Fuelled by everything from soaring defence spending to rising tariffs, governments are in the midst of a borrowing bonanza, in spite of high interest rates.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned public debt is set to soar to 100% of global GDP by 2030, up from 95.1% this year. But plenty of countries have already surpassed this alarming threshold.

With nations racking up IOUs like there's no tomorrow, read on for the current debt-to-GDP ratios for the world's 25 leading economies, starting with the smallest. All dollar amounts in US dollars.

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Daniel Coughlin

27 June 2025

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